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Long-Term Contaminant Management Using Institutional Controls

About this Website
Introduction
Introduction Overview
Land Use Controls
Institutional Controls
Survey Results: Sources of Failure and Keys to Success
About This Guidance
Planning ICs
Planning ICs Overview
The IC Life Cycle
Planning for the IC Life Cycle
Developing a Long-Term Stewardship Plan
Implementing IC Registries
Implementing IC Registries Overview
Developing IC Registries
Maintaining IC Registries
Representative IC Registries
Evaluating IC Registries
Model Program and Best Practices for IC Registries
Monitoring and Performance
Monitoring and Performance Overview
Current Practices for IC Monitoring Programs
Improving and Optimizing IC Monitoring Programs
Evaluating IC Performance
Best Practices for IC Monitoring and Performance Evaluations
Enforcement
Enforcement Overview
Purpose of a Compliance and Enforcement Program
Challenges to IC Compliance and Enforcement
Compliance and Enforcement Options
Optimizing Enforcement and Construction of a Basic Model
Stakeholder Perspectives
Stakeholder Perspectives Overview
Purpose of Outreach
Outreach Communication Methods
Costs
Costs Overview
Estimating the Costs of ICs
Current State Practices for Collecting IC Fees
Financial Assurance and Using Insurance for IC
Model Best Practices for Estimating IC Cost, Fees, and Financial Assurances
Case Studies
Case Studies Overview
California
Washington
Hawaii
Michigan
New Jersey
New York
Tennessee
Utah
Omaha, NE: RCRA Closure
Navy IC Program Overview
Additional Information
Survey Summaries
State-Specific Survey Response
Data Management
Examples of State, Federal and Commercial Registries
Acronyms
Glossary
Acknowledgments
Team Contacts
Document Feedback

 

Long-term Contaminant Management Using Institutional Controls
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This guidance focuses on long-term contaminant management using institutional controls (ICs). ICs are a form of land use controls (LUCs) that provide protection from exposure to contaminants on a site. While ICs consist of administrative or legal restrictions on a site, LUCs can also use physical measures, which are called engineering controls (ECs). In contrast to ECs, ICs are primarily government controls, proprietary controls, enforcement or permit mechanisms, and informational devices.

The guidance presented here builds on ITRC’s 2008 document Overview of Land Use Control (LUC) Management Systems and can be used to develop and improve long-term management programs for ICs. This guidance assists those who are responsible for stewardship of ICs by describing critical elements and best practices for an IC management program. Much of this guidance is based on the successes and lessons learned from established state and federal agency programs. ITRC surveyed state programs to better understand the types of IC management programs that are in place across the United States, what makes these programs effective, and what common issues affect the durability of ICs.

IC management programs often address the latter, stewardship phases of the IC life cycle described in the figure below.

To assist with cost-effective program development, ITRC has developed a downloadable tool that can be used to document critical information about an IC. This tool can help to create a lasting record of the site that includes the regulatory authority, details of the IC, the responsibilities of all parties, a schedule for monitoring the performance of the IC, and much more relevant information. The tool generates an editable Long Term Stewardship (LTS) plan in Microsoft Word.

If you are visiting this site for the first time, please review the Introduction. All users may find the Navigating this Web Site page helpful.

 

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Published by the Interstate Technology & Regulatory Council, December 2016

Permission is granted to refer to or quote from this publication with the customary acknowledgment of the source. The suggested citation for this document is as follows:

ITRC (Interstate Technology & Regulatory Council). 2016. Long-Term Contaminant Management Using Institutional Controls. IC-1. Washington, D.C.: Interstate Technology & Regulatory Council, Long-Term Contaminant Management Using Institutional Controls Team. http://itrcweb.org/Team/Public?teamID=62.

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